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Minimal information is available about the quality of dying and death in Uganda and Kenya, which are African leaders in palliative care. We investigated the quality of dying and death in patients with advanced cancer who had received hospice care in Uganda or Kenya.
Methods
Observational study with bereaved caregivers of decedents (Uganda: n = 202; Kenya: n = 127) with advanced cancer who had received care from participating hospices in Uganda or Kenya. Participants completed the Quality of Dying and Death questionnaire and a measure of family satisfaction with cancer care (FAMCARE).
Results
Quality of Dying and Death Preparation and Connectedness subscales were most frequently rated as good to almost perfect for patients in both countries (45.5% to 81.9%), while Symptom Control and Transcendence subscales were most frequently rated as intermediate (42.6% to 60.4%). However, 35.4% to 67.7% of caregivers rated overall quality of dying and overall quality of death as terrible to poor. Ugandan caregivers reported lower Preparation, Connectedness, and Transcendence (p < .001). Controlling for covariates, overall quality of dying was associated with better Symptom Control in both countries (p < .001) and Transcendence in Uganda (p = .010); overall quality of death, with greater Transcendence in Uganda (p = .004); and family satisfaction with care, with better Preparation in Uganda (p = .004).
Significance of results
Findings indicate strengths in spiritual and social domains of the quality of dying and death in patients who received hospice care in Uganda and Kenya, but better symptom control is needed to improve this outcome in these countries.
Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins; Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a major disturbance agent in pine (Pinus Linnaeus; Pinaceae) ecosystems of western North America. Adaptation to local climates has resulted in primarily univoltine generation time across a thermally diverse latitudinal gradient. We hypothesised that voltinism patterns have been shaped by selection for slower developmental rates in southern populations inhabiting warmer climates. To investigate traits responsible for latitudinal differences we measured lifestage-specific development of southern mountain pine beetle eggs, larvae, and pupae across a range of temperatures. Developmental rate curves were fit using maximum posterior likelihood estimation with a Bayesian prior to improve fit stability. When compared to previously published data for a northern population, optimal development of southern individuals occurred at higher temperatures, with higher development thresholds, as compared with northern individuals. Observed developmental rates of the southern and northern populations were similar across studied lifestages at 20 °C, and southern lifestages were generally faster at temperature extremes (10 °C, 27 °C). At 25 °C southern fourth instars were significantly slower than northern fourth instars. Our results suggest that evolved traits in the fourth instar and remaining unstudied lifestage, teneral (i.e., preemergent) adult, likely influence latitudinal differences in mountain pine beetle generation time.
This article reports on a qualitative research study that explored the perspectives and lived experiences of children in a range of New Zealand rural environments. Thirty-six children, aged between 6 and 11 years, were interviewed about living in the country and also contributed artwork and photographs. They came from four specific rural locations, ranging from ‘rural with high urban influence’ to ‘highly rural/remote’. Children expressed positive views about aspects of rural living, such as opportunities for being outdoors and participating in social relationships, confirming a positive discourse of the rural idyll. Their accounts highlighted children's agency under complex and sometimes challenging conditions. Children also, however, experienced some aspects of rural life as dull, dangerous or difficult. The complex and nuanced constructions of rural childhood uncovered in this study point to the critical importance of consulting with children in order to understand their experiences and best meet the needs of rural children and families.
Edited by
Jean Andrews, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham,Isabel Torres, Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast
Edited by
Jean Andrews, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham,Isabel Torres, Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast
Edited by
Jean Andrews, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham,Isabel Torres, Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast
Edited by
Jean Andrews, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham,Isabel Torres, Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast
Edited by
Jean Andrews, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham,Isabel Torres, Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast
Edited by
Jean Andrews, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham,Isabel Torres, Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast
Edited by
Jean Andrews, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham,Isabel Torres, Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast
Edited by
Jean Andrews, Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham,Isabel Torres, Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast
The fourteen essays of this volume engage in distinct ways with the matter of motion in early modern Spanish poetics, without limiting the dialectic of stasis and movement to any single sphere or manifestation. Interrogation of the interdependence of tradition and innovation, poetry, power and politics, shifting signifiers, the intersection of topography and deviant temporalities, the movement between the secular and the sacred, tensions between centres and peripheries, issues of manuscript circulation and reception, poetic calls and echoes across continents and centuries, and between creative writing and reading subjects, all demonstrate that Helgerson's central notion of conspicuous movement is relevant beyond early sixteenth-century secular poetics, By opening it up we approximate a better understanding of poetry's flexible spatio-temporal co-ordinates in a period of extraordinary historical circumstances and conterminous radical cultural transformation. Los catorce ensayos de este volumen conectan de una manera perceptible con el tema del movimiento en la poesía española del siglo de oro, sin limitar la dialéctica de la estasis y movimiento a una sola esfera o manifestación única. Entre los multiples enfoques cabe destacar: el cuestionamiento de la interdependencia de la tradición e inovación, de la poesía, del poder y la política, de los significantes que se transforman, de los espacios que conectan y cruzan con los tiempos 'desviados'; análisis de las tensiones entre lo sagrado y lo secular, del conflicto centro-periferia y del complejo sistema de producción, circulación y recepción de los manuscritos; el diálogo con el eco poético a través de los siglos y de los continentes y la construcción creativa del sujeto escritor y/o lector. Al abrir la noción central de Helgerson del "movimiento conspicuo" más allá de la poesía nueva secular, este libro propone un entendimiento más completo de las coordinadas espacio-temporales de la poesía en un periodo de circunstancias históricas extrao. Jean Andrews is Associate Professor in the Department of Spanish, Portuguese and Latin American Studies, University of Nottingham. Isabel Torres is Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature at Queen's University, Belfast. Contributors: Jean Andrews, Dana Bultman, Noelia Cirnigliaro, Marsha Collins, Trevor J. Dadson, Aurora Egido, Verónica Grossi, Anne Holloway, Mark J. Mascia, Terence O'Reilly, Carmen Peraita, Amanda Powell, Colin Thompson, Isabel Torres.
Edited by
Vincent Gillespie, J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford,Susan Powell, Held a Chair in Medieval Texts and Culture at the University of Salford, and is currently affiliated to the Universities of London and York
Edited by
Vincent Gillespie, J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford,Susan Powell, Held a Chair in Medieval Texts and Culture at the University of Salford, and is currently affiliated to the Universities of London and York
Edited by
Vincent Gillespie, J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford,Susan Powell, Held a Chair in Medieval Texts and Culture at the University of Salford, and is currently affiliated to the Universities of London and York
Edited by
Vincent Gillespie, J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford,Susan Powell, Held a Chair in Medieval Texts and Culture at the University of Salford, and is currently affiliated to the Universities of London and York
The history of the book is now recognized as a field of central importance for understanding the cultural changes that swept through Tudor England. This companion aims to provide a comprehensive guide to the issues relevant to theearly printed book, covering the significant cultural, social and technological developments from 1476 (the introduction of printing to England) to 1558 (the death of Mary Tudor). Divided into thematic sections (the printed booktrade; the book as artefact; patrons, purchasers and producers; and the cultural capital of print), it considers the social, historical, and cultural context of the rise of print, with the problems as well as advantages of the transmission from manuscript to print. the printers of the period; the significant Latin trade and its effect on the English market; paper, types, bindings, and woodcuts and other decorative features which create the packaged book; and the main sponsors and consumers of the printed book: merchants, the lay clientele, secular and religious clergy, and the two Universities, as well as secular colleges and chantries. Further topics addressed include humanism, women translators, and the role of censorship and the continuity of Catholic publishing from that time. The book is completed with a chronology and detailed indices. Vincent Gillespie is J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford; Susan Powell held a Chair in Medieval Texts and Culture at the University of Salford, and is currently affiliated to the Universities of London and York. Contributors: Tamara Atkin, Alan Coates, Thomas Betteridge, Julia Boffey, James Clark, A.S.G. Edwards, Martha W. Driver, Mary Erler, Alexandra Gilespie, Vincent Gillespie, Andrew Hope, Brenda Hosington, Susan Powerll, Pamela Robinson, AnneF. Sutton, Daniel Wakelin, James Willoughby, Lucy Wooding
Edited by
Vincent Gillespie, J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford,Susan Powell, Held a Chair in Medieval Texts and Culture at the University of Salford, and is currently affiliated to the Universities of London and York
Edited by
Vincent Gillespie, J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford,Susan Powell, Held a Chair in Medieval Texts and Culture at the University of Salford, and is currently affiliated to the Universities of London and York
Edited by
Vincent Gillespie, J.R.R. Tolkien Professor of English Literature and Language at the University of Oxford,Susan Powell, Held a Chair in Medieval Texts and Culture at the University of Salford, and is currently affiliated to the Universities of London and York